The release of the Fifth Edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) in 2013 represented the first significant revision of the diagnostic manual in 20 years. Many of the changes, especially in the mood disorders section, were intended to enhance clinician recognition of new disorders and specifiers that have specific treatment implications. Through a series of case vignettes, Dr. First will outline the changes to the mood disorders in the DSM-5 and highlight those modifications intended to improve decision-making about patient management. Controversies surrounding some of these changes will also be discussed.